abstract：:Research investigating patterns of familial aggregation of psychiatric disorders has used the family history method in which a single family member reports on the psychiatric history of their relatives. This method is more efficient and less costly than the family study method, in which direct interviews are performed...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Kosten TA,Anton SF,Rounsaville BJ

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Diagnostic Interview Schedule, the chief instrument in contemporary studies in psychiatric epidemiology, enhances the reliability of psychiatric diagnosis and enables lay interviewers to closely reproduce psychiatric interviews. However, despite frequent references in the literature to the validity of the Diagnost...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Malgady RG,Rogler LH,Tryon WW

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A reported genetic association between bipolar affective disorder and DNA polymorphisms at the tyrosine hydroxylase gene is not confirmed by the present study. The combined allele frequencies in the patients, from studies published to date, are significantly different from the frequencies in the controls for the TY7/B...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Gill M,Castle D,Hunt N,Clements A,Sham P,Murray RM

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is evidence that rates of major depression have increased over this century, with successive birth cohorts showing increased lifetime risks and earlier ages of onset. Two memory effects have been considered possible artifactual causes of these trends: age-related forgetting and postdating early episodes. In this...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Warshaw MG,Klerman GL,Lavori PW

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of lithium treatment on serotonin (5-HT) binding sites in the rat brain were investigated. Oral administration of lithium carbonate for 3 weeks did not influence 5-HT2 binding sites in the cerebral cortex. On the other hand, the number of 5-HT1 binding sites labeled with [3H]5-HT was decreased significantl...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Odagaki Y,Koyama T,Matsubara S,Matsubara R,Yamashita I

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many studies have assessed the possible lateralization deficits of schizophrenics, and the results usually suggest left hemisphere dysfunction. Nevertheless, they have been variable. This may have been due to cognitive demand of the different tasks, not to changes in brain lateralization itself. In order to circumvent...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Mather JA,Neufeld RW,Merskey H,Russell NC

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Physicians who prescribe benzodiazepines often are asked by their patients if these drugs might be addicting or have potential for abuse. Clarifying these concepts is difficult because of numerous "gray areas" of drug use and confusion over medical criteria for such terms as "addiction", "dependence", and "tolerance"....

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Kleber HD

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzodiazepine administration has been associated with alterations in neuroendocrine function both in experimental animals and in humans. Clinical and laboratory data indicate that the beta-carbolines, a class of active benzodiazepine receptor inverse agonists, cause behavioral and neuroendocrine changes characteristi...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： De Souza EB

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Forty-one DSM-III-R hypochondriacs and seventy-five randomly chosen patients were obtained from a medical outpatient clinic, and completed a psychiatric diagnostic interview and a ten-item self-report questionnaire, the Somatosensory Amplification Scale (SSAS); The SSAS asks the respondent how much s/he is bothered by...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Barsky AJ,Wyshak G,Klerman GL

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For the Italian Multicentre Study on Dementia, a longitudinal survey on Alzheimer's disease (AD) initiated in 1982, we developed a neuropsychological test battery for screening, staging and monitoring cognitive impairment in AD patients and for delineating their pattern of cognitive decline. The tests measured higher ...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Bracco L,Amaducci L,Pedone D,Bino G,Lazzaro MP,Carella F,D'Antona R,Gallato R,Denes G

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aggregation of disorder in families identified by a schizophrenic disorder proband (index case) has provided indirect clues to the question of diagnostic boundaries of schizophrenic spectrum categories. The Danish Adoption Studies provided quasi-experimental evidence for the range of expression of a putative schiz...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Squires-Wheeler E,Skodol AE,Bassett A,Erlenmeyer-Kimling L

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thirty-one elderly depressed patients were treated for seven weeks with nortriptyline with plasma levels kept between 50-180 ng/ml. Electrocardiograms were taken at the third and seventh weeks of treatment. There were significant increases in the PR interval, QTc interval, and heart rate from before and after treatmen...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： McCue RE,Georgotas A,Nagachandran N,Abdul Basir M,Go EA,Suckow RF,Cooper TB

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years there has been a growing interest in the diagnosis and treatment of Anxiety Disorders. A fundamental assumption of the newer treatments is the identification of specific subtypes of Anxiety Disorders. Although the DSM-III classification of Anxiety Disorders is widely accepted, research experience since...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Spitzer RL,Williams JB

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared unipolar depressed patients (N = 32) with normal controls (N = 38) for their prolactin responses on the thyrotropin releasing hormone test. Depressed patients showed prolactin responses similar to sex matched controls. Among the depressed patients there were no significant differences for prolactin respons...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Roy A,Pickar D

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied the association between migraine and major depression in a group of 133 probands with major depression, a group of 82 normal community controls and 400 interviewed first-degree relatives of the probands and controls. There was a significant association between depression and migraine among both the pro...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Merikangas KR,Risch NJ,Merikangas JR,Weissman MM,Kidd KK

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concentrations of amino acids in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were measured in pairs of healthy mono- and dizygotic twins. Intraclass correlations were calculated. Genetic and cultural heritabilities were estimated using a path analytical model. CSF levels of glycine, tyrosine and arginine were shown to be influe...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Hagenfeldt L,Oxenstierna G,Alfredsson G,Edman G,Iselius L,Sedvall G

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To increase the feasibility of identifying persons with depressive disorders in a large-scale health policy study, we tested the concordance between face-to-face and telephone-administered versions of the depression section of the NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). This section was administered over the telepho...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Wells KB,Burnam MA,Leake B,Robins LN

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aggressive behavior is controlled at multiple anatomical levels within the human brain. To illustrate hierarchical neural controls over aggression, we compare and contrast the roles of the hypothalamus, amygdaloid complex, and orbital prefrontal cortex in terms of their distinctive sensory inputs, effector channels, a...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Weiger WA,Bear DM

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Existing data suggests dramatic efficacy for all tested tricyclics in disorders involving spontaneous panic attacks; moderate efficacy for clomipramine but not other tricyclics in obsessive-compulsive patients; possible, but as yet not well established, tricyclic efficacy in generalized anxiety; and lack of efficacy i...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Liebowitz MR,Fyer AJ,Gorman JM,Campeas RB,Sandberg DP,Hollander E,Papp LA,Klein DF

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Analysis of the distribution of diagnoses in families (segregation analysis) has not, so far, advanced us toward the goal of resolving the inheritance of the major psychiatric disorders. Recent advances in genetics, particularly the development of new molecular genetic linkage methods, have made it, at least theoretic...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Gershon ES,Goldin LR

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To evaluate the heritability of a personality trait, "having temper outbursts," and of associated diagnoses, we obtained histories of first degree relatives on two groups: (1) patients with temper outbursts (N = 33), and (2) diverse psychiatric patients without temper outbursts (N = 12). Family interviews were conduct...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Mattes JA,Fink M

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Smooth pursuit eye movement (SPEM) performance has been linked to nonvoluntary attentional processes. Amphetamine is a psychotropic drug with documented effects on attentional performance. In order to evaluate the relationship between SPEM performance and amphetamine's attentional effects, SPEM performance was measure...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Siever LJ,Insel TR,Hamilton J,Nurnberger J,Alterman I,Murphy DL

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This is a study of the familial transmission of Primary Major Depressive Disorder in the families of 235 probands with this disorder ascertained as part of the NIMH-CRB Collaborative Depression Program. Eight hundred and twenty-six interviewed first degree relatives and 109 spouses are included. Research Diagnostic Cr...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Reich T,Van Eerdewegh P,Rice J,Mullaney J,Endicott J,Klerman GL

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A difficulty in the interpretation of the reliability/stability of a lifetime diagnosis of mental disorders is the lack of a theoretical perspective. A model expressed in terms of the three unknowns--sensitivity, specificity and true base rate--is problematic due to the lack of a "gold standard", so that only two of t...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Rice JP,Endicott J,Knesevich MA,Rochberg N

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine the role of genetics in bipolar affective disorders it was necessary to have correct diagnoses and large homogenous population(s). To identify a marker linked to the disease two additional factors were important, a correct model for genetic transmission and highly polymorphic DNA markers. With the establi...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Gerhard DS,Egeland JA,Pauls DL,Housman DE

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A questionnaire survey of 550 female medical, business and law students revealed that 12% met criteria for bulimia. The bulimic students reported significantly more social maladjustment than their non-eating disordered peers. Frequency of binging and purging was associated with the degree of social impairment, with si...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Herzog DB,Norman DK,Rigotti NA,Pepose M

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An exploratory cross-cultural study was undertaken of two widely used self-rating scales: the Zung and the Depression Scale on the 90 Item Symptom Checklist, or SCL-Depression. Both scales were translated into Hmong and tested in two samples of Hmong refugees in the U.S.A. One sample (n = 86) consisted of a field surv...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Westermeyer J

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A biomathematical genetic model for the age-specific risk of Alzheimer Dementia (AD) was applied to two problems in the clinical genetics of this disorder. In a test of the ability of a clinical marker specifically to identify genetic AD, cases grouped by the phenotype of amnesia with aphasia or apraxia (aaa) were sho...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Breitner JC,Murphy EA,Folstein MF

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Appetite and satiety responses in a test meal paradigm were studied in six anorexia nervosa patients (four had bingeing and purging behaviors) and in nine normal control women. The anorexic patients were distinguished from normal controls by the amounts of food taken and by the pattern of the hunger and fullness respo...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Owen WP,Halmi KA,Gibbs J,Smith GP

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of activity which is carefully planned so as to facilitate change in the patient is a unique characteristic of occupational therapy. Occupational therapy closely resembles the actual living situation more so than any other treatment setting and therefore provides a realistic environment in which the patient ca...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Martin JE

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Measured longitudinal growth data in a sample of 66 patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) (58 females and 8 males) is compared to expected growth from normative standards. The data was subject to cross-sectional as well as longitudinal analysis. Females had a normal growth rate and pattern, in particular a normal sequen...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Nielsen S

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A study was undertaken of fasting and post-prandial blood levels of glucose and a number of gastrointestinal hormones in patients with anorexia nervosa. After an overnight fast their blood levels of glucose, insulin and pancreatic glucagon were significantly lower than those of age-sex matched healthy volunteers. Ther...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Alderdice JT,Dinsmore WW,Buchanan KD,Adams C

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Platelet alpha 2-adrenoceptor number and affinity were measured in 31 drug-free patients with major depressive illness utilizing 3H-clonidine as ligand. A significant negative correlation was found between number of alpha 2-adrenoceptors, baseline urinary 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylglycol (MHPG) excretion, present age a...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Sacchetti E,Conte G,Pennati A,Vita A,Alciati A,Cazzullo CL

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HLA antigens were typed among 24 schizophrenic, 13 schizoaffective and 246 control subjects. Schizoaffective patients showed significantly decreased incidence of A2 compared with schizophrenic patients or controls. ...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Adler S,Vasile RG,Yunis E,Shapiro R

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prevalence figures of depression usually show a sex ratio for males:females of 1:2. This unequal ratio has been examined by varying the time periods for the calculation of prevalance rates and the criteria for case definition. Based on results of a 20-23 yr-old cohort of 591 males and females studied in Switzerland, s...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Angst J,Dobler-Mikola A

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a study of regional variations in cerebral X-ray attenuation as measured by computed tomography, a relationship between bone-related beam hardening and lateralized hemispheric density differences was sought. The CT scans of 22 normal right-handed individuals were evaluated by calculating regional mean attenuation v...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Coffman JA,Bloch S

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic considerations are important in studying the pathogenesis of the psychoses. There are few reports from India, however, which have pursued a "biological marker" approach to functional illness of this type. A review of such few studies as do exist is presented to add to contemporary knowledge in the area. Recomm...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Sethi BB,Dube S,Sharma M

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:No statistically significant associations were found between ABO blood group distributions and RDC subtype diagnoses in 79 subjects with unipolar (single episode and recurrent) and bipolar major depressive disorder using data from our sample. We discuss methodological issues related to the control samples and choice o...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Lavori PW,Keller MB,Roth SL

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper reviews problems associated with the concept of causation in interpreting relationships between altered biochemical measures and psychiatric states, and critically reanalyses claims for biochemical and genetic "markers" in depression and schizophrenia. ...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Rose SP

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the behavioral effects of the dietary constituents tryptophan and tyrosine on human mood, sensorimotor performance and pain sensitivity. Tryptophan and tyrosine are neurotransmitter precursors present in varying amount in protein-containing foods. Tryptophan (50 mg/kg) increased subjective drowsiness and f...

journal_title：Journal of psychiatric research

authors： Lieberman HR,Corkin S,Spring BJ,Growdon JH,Wurtman RJ

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00